For CCNA and CCNP candidates, it is hard not for the first time you hear the term "router on a stick to laugh." Let's face it, is a concept, rather ridiculous. But to know from those who have the CCNA and CCNP exams, is a fundamental consideration that you need to know how to configure and troubleshoot problems.
From hosts other than the basic theory Cisco VLANs to communicate, a Layer 3 device must be combined to handle the routing between VLANs. The device is a router, and there are considerations, special attention to the physical router itself and the configuration that you will need to write.
The router is connected to a switch via a FastEthernet port (or higher). The router port can not be a regular Ethernet connection, since the router port is the ability to send and receive data simultaneously need.
The configuration interface is very interesting. To say that we communicate with two VLANs that will be used router-on-a-stick at.The following VLAN information:
VLAN 20: 20.20.20.0 / 24VLAN 40: 40.40.40.0 / 24
The switch port that the router's FastEthernet is connected, must be in the mode of network connectivity, and you must know the protocol on the network service. We go with the Cisco-proprietary ISL here.
The physical FE port on the router an IP address. The use of router-on-a-stick requires the use of logical subinterfaces. Although we are not the VLAN numbers for the number of sub-interface, I found this helps the right line interfaces. A sub-interface must be provided an IP address in VLAN 20 and the other has an IP address in VLAN 40th
After creating subinterfaces fast 0.20 and fast 0.40, the configuration is similar to the following:
interface FastEthernet0No IP addressInterface FastEthernet 0.20IP address 20.20.20.1 255.255.255.0Interface FastEthernet 0.40IP address 40.40.40.1 255.255.255.0
Believe it or not is almost done! Now we need the encapsulation statement under each subinterface. The explanation of sub-interface is taken into account both the number and type of VLAN encapsulation used. When you are finished, the configuration should look like this:
interface FastEthernet0No IP addressInterface FastEthernet 0.20IP address 20.20.20.1 255.255.255.0Encapsulation ISL 20Interface FastEthernet 0.40IP address 40.40.40.1 255.255.255.0Encapsulation ISL 40
And that's it! Your hosts in VLAN 20 should now be able to communicate with the hosts in 40 VLAN, and vice versa.
A couple of final troubleshooting points - the most common mistakes in router-on-a-stick is the wrong number in the state of VLAN encapsulation provided. Also, make sure you configure the router's IP address in VLAN 20 as do the default gateway for hosts in VLAN 20, and the same for VLAN 40.
I hope you enjoy this look at router-on-a-stick. While the name may make people laugh, is is still widely used in some networks out there, and how to configure and earn even more difficult to troubleshoot, the CCNA and CCNP.
Friday, September 18, 2009
Wednesday, August 12, 2009
Voice over Internet Protocol
With VoIP technology, you can now make a call, someone in the world with a broadband Internet connection instead of a phone. VoIP technology is essentially the analog signal from your voice and converts it into digital signals can travel over the Internet. Then at the other end, VoIP converts the digital signal back to earth. Types of VoIP services vary.
Some VoIP providers, you can only call other users of the same VoIP provider, other providers of VoIP call someone with a cell phone. At break, there are three basic types of VOIP service: With an ATA (Analog Voice Adapter), the window that your computer (or Internet connection) on my phone to connect to VoIP is used. With an IP phone, a special VoIP phone, which is apparently a regular telephone but with special Ethernet connectors allowing you to connect to your router. Soon to be Wi-Fi VoIP phones will be on the market, so you VoIP calls from any hot spot.With only make your computer, you can install the VoIP software and place, sometimes for free, a VoIP phone calls around the world.
Get a sound card, speakers, a microphone and an Internet connection, preferably broadband, and you're good to go. Probably one of the most obvious benefit of VoIP is the way that you got from the need to exempt pay telephone company telephone service. This is a law of the majority of your life! You must pay for the broadband account (plus VOIP) for your needs as well as calls fulfilled, and a VOIP bill is usually much cheaper than the phone bill. If you operate an Internet connection for your laptop with you everywhere carry out, for example on holiday, so all you have to do is bring your VOIP adapter and / or IP phone and have a good service if not sometimes better cell phone.You also have the disadvantages before the dive and go to VoIP. First, VoIP service can not respond well during power outages and server failures. If your Internet connection is always absent, VoIP is also available, and therefore the ability to make calls.
In addition, all VoIP providers offer 9-1-1 or call directory assistance. Prior to the purchase of equipment and ensure VoIP services that the business VoIP, you can choose the services you. Interestingly, it could have been the implementation of VoIP, requires a long time without knowing it. Phone companies use VoIP technology to streamline their services. Can also expect most of the same functions as the VoIP service providers that currently receive from the telephone company. VOIP service often includes caller ID, call waiting, call forwarding, call back, and other useful functions you're used to.
In addition, some providers offer VoIP calls filtering services, which allows you to choose how calls from a particular number to be processed. Perhaps you send the call to a different number elsewhere, maybe the caller gets a busy signal from you, or a message stating the number is no longer in use. Some have even check your voicemail over VOIP and add voice messages as e-mail attachments.VOIP growing, with a very promising technology options before him. It was not long, Ma Bell has become obsolete.Jason Alan Smith is the owner of which is a great place to VoIP links to find resources and objects.
Some VoIP providers, you can only call other users of the same VoIP provider, other providers of VoIP call someone with a cell phone. At break, there are three basic types of VOIP service: With an ATA (Analog Voice Adapter), the window that your computer (or Internet connection) on my phone to connect to VoIP is used. With an IP phone, a special VoIP phone, which is apparently a regular telephone but with special Ethernet connectors allowing you to connect to your router. Soon to be Wi-Fi VoIP phones will be on the market, so you VoIP calls from any hot spot.With only make your computer, you can install the VoIP software and place, sometimes for free, a VoIP phone calls around the world.
Get a sound card, speakers, a microphone and an Internet connection, preferably broadband, and you're good to go. Probably one of the most obvious benefit of VoIP is the way that you got from the need to exempt pay telephone company telephone service. This is a law of the majority of your life! You must pay for the broadband account (plus VOIP) for your needs as well as calls fulfilled, and a VOIP bill is usually much cheaper than the phone bill. If you operate an Internet connection for your laptop with you everywhere carry out, for example on holiday, so all you have to do is bring your VOIP adapter and / or IP phone and have a good service if not sometimes better cell phone.You also have the disadvantages before the dive and go to VoIP. First, VoIP service can not respond well during power outages and server failures. If your Internet connection is always absent, VoIP is also available, and therefore the ability to make calls.
In addition, all VoIP providers offer 9-1-1 or call directory assistance. Prior to the purchase of equipment and ensure VoIP services that the business VoIP, you can choose the services you. Interestingly, it could have been the implementation of VoIP, requires a long time without knowing it. Phone companies use VoIP technology to streamline their services. Can also expect most of the same functions as the VoIP service providers that currently receive from the telephone company. VOIP service often includes caller ID, call waiting, call forwarding, call back, and other useful functions you're used to.
In addition, some providers offer VoIP calls filtering services, which allows you to choose how calls from a particular number to be processed. Perhaps you send the call to a different number elsewhere, maybe the caller gets a busy signal from you, or a message stating the number is no longer in use. Some have even check your voicemail over VOIP and add voice messages as e-mail attachments.VOIP growing, with a very promising technology options before him. It was not long, Ma Bell has become obsolete.Jason Alan Smith is the owner of which is a great place to VoIP links to find resources and objects.
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